Saalumarada Thimmakka: Karnataka’s Environmental Champion

Amidst the scenic landscapes of the southern Indian state of Karnataka, where banyan trees sway and leaves rustle, unfolds the remarkable tale of Saalumarada Thimmakka – a narrative of human determination and environmental stewardship. Often affectionately called Aala Marada Thimmakka, she has, with steadfast dedication, metamorphosed a barren terrain into a flourishing green sanctuary, earning global acclaim for her extraordinary afforestation efforts.

A Life Rooted in Simplicity

The journey of Saalumarada Thimmakka stands as a testament to the potent force of human resolve and an individual’s capacity to make a meaningful impact. Born in Gubbi Taluk, part of the Kingdom of Mysore and now in the Tumakuru district of Karnataka, her early life unfolded without the privilege of formal education as she toiled as a casual labourer in a nearby quarry. However, her life took a transformative turn upon marrying Chikkaiah, a resident of Hulikal village in the Magadi taluk of Ramanagara district.

Despite their modest origins and the absence of children, the couple embarked on a unique journey to create a lasting legacy for future generations. Unable to have children, they reportedly initiated the planting of banyan trees as a way to give back to the earth. The moniker “Saalumarada,” translating to a row of trees in Kannada, was bestowed upon her in recognition of this exceptional endeavour. Today, Thimmakka’s legacy thrives in the form of an impressive row of 385 banyan trees spanning a 45-kilometer stretch between Hulikal and Kudur.

Planting Seeds of Transformation

What commenced as a modest act of planting saplings burgeoned into an inspirational voyage of environmental conservation. Thimmakka and her husband began grafting saplings from local Ficus (banyan) trees, nurturing ten saplings in the inaugural year and planting them along a 5-kilometre stretch near the neighbouring village of Kudur. In the subsequent years, they planted 15 and 20 saplings, respectively.

Their extraordinary commitment was evident as the couple transported four pails of water over a four-kilometre distance to ensure the young saplings thrived. To shield the saplings from grazing cattle, they erected fences using thorny shrubs. Primarily planting during the monsoon season allowed the saplings to benefit from ample rainwater, ensuring robust growth. By the arrival of the next monsoon season, the saplings had firmly taken root. The total count stands at 385 banyan trees, planted and nurtured by Saalumarada Thimmakka, with an estimated asset value of approximately 1.5 million rupees. The oversight of these trees now rests with the Government of Karnataka.

Awards and Recognition

Saalumarada Thimmakka’s selfless dedication and remarkable efforts have garnered well-deserved recognition. In 2019, she was bestowed with the prestigious Padma Shri, acknowledging her outstanding contributions to society and the environment. Her contributions were also acknowledged with the National Citizen’s Award of India.

Her impact extends beyond national borders; in 2016, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) listed her as one of the most influential and inspirational women globally. Thimmakka’s commitment to environmental conservation and afforestation serves as a wellspring of inspiration for people across the world.

Preserving a Green Legacy

In 2019, the 385 banyan trees planted and nurtured by Saalumarada Thimmakka faced the threat of being felled to widen the Bagepalli-Halaguru road. As the guardian of these 70-year-old trees, Thimmakka appealed to Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy and Deputy Chief Minister G Parameshwara to reconsider the project. Her plea resonated, prompting the government to explore alternative solutions to safeguard these majestic trees, underscoring the significance of her efforts.

Though she lost her husband in 1991, Saalumarada Thimmakka remains actively engaged in afforestation programs and social initiatives. Her aspiration to construct a hospital in her village as a tribute to her late husband continues to be an ongoing pursuit, with a trust established for this purpose.

In 1999, a documentary titled “Thimmakka Mathu 284 Makkalu” was created, showcasing her incredible work and being featured in the 2000 International Film Festival of India. Her legacy of afforestation remains an enduring inspiration for generations to come.

The Legal Battle and Extortion Allegations

Recent years have seen Saalumarada Thimmakka embroiled in legal disputes and facing allegations of name misuse. Comedian Vasu Ritu Primlani was accused of misusing Thimmakka’s name in connection with a non-profit organisation, leading to a legal battle. In 2014, Ms Primlani was acquitted, with the High Court of Karnataka ruling that the charges, even if true, did not constitute a crime.

This controversy has added to Saalumarada Thimmakka’s challenges, given her modest pension of Rs. 400 and ongoing health issues. The legal proceedings have imposed a financial burden on her, highlighting the imperative to protect the legacy and reputation of an environmental icon.

Saalumarada Thimmakka’s saga is a compelling testament to the influence of individual actions and environmental stewardship. Her journey, marked by simplicity and unwavering dedication, serves as a beacon of inspiration worldwide. Despite challenges and controversies, she stands as a symbol of the positive change one person can effect in the world through passion and commitment to environmental preservation.